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The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) concerning Conservation Measures for the West African Populations of the African Elephant is a Multilateral Environmental Memorandum of Understanding and was launched under the auspices of the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), also known as the Bonn Convention, on 22 November 2005, in close cooperation with the African Elephant Specialist Group (AfESG)〔African Elephant Specialist Group (AfESG): http://www.african-elephant.org/〕 of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (IUCN/SSC). The MoU covers thirteen range States (Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo), all of which have signed the MoU. == Development of MoU == Noting the important ecological role the African Elephant ''(Loxodonta Africana)''〔Video African Elephant: http://videos.huffingtonpost.com/travel/the-african-elephant-516911223 ; Huffington Post〕 plays in both savannah and forest ecosystems and acknowledging that demographic pressure and the development of human activities have significantly reduced the African Elephant’s habitat endangering populations across West Africa,〔Bouché P, Douglas-Hamilton I, Wittemyer G, Nianogo AJ, Doucet J-L, et al. (2011) (Will Elephants Soon Disappear from West African Savannahs? ) PLoS ONE 6(6): e20619. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020619〕 an Article IV agreement was concluded and came into effect on 22 November 2005, after signature by the third range State. Signatories to the West African Elephant MoU: * Benin (22 November 2005) * Burkina Faso (22 November 2005) * Côte d'Ivoire (22 November 2005) * Guinea (22 November 2005) * Guinea-Bissau (22 November 2005) * Liberia (22 November 2005) * Mali (22 November 2005) * Niger (22 November 2005) * Nigeria (22 November 2005) * Sierra Leone (22 November 2005) * Togo (22 November 2005) * Senegal (8 January 2007) * Ghana (30 May 2007) In addition, two organizations have signed the MoU: * CMS Secretariat (22 November 2005) * IUCN/SSC (22 November 2005) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「West African Elephant Memorandum of Understanding」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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